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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumem | om kumo |
| 2SG: | kumet | ot kumo |
| 3SG: | kuma | ok/ogeš kumo |
| 1PL: | kumena | ona/ogə̑na kumo |
| 2PL: | kumeda | oda/ogə̑da kumo |
| 3PL: | kumat | ogə̑t kumo |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumə̑šə̑m | šə̑m kumo |
| 2SG: | kumə̑šə̑č́ | šə̑č́ kumo |
| 3SG: | kumə̑š | ə̑š kumo |
| 1PL: | kumə̑šna | ə̑šna kumo |
| 2PL: | kumə̑šda | ə̑šda kumo |
| 3PL: | kumə̑št | ə̑št kumo |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumenam | kumen omə̑l |
| 2SG: | kumenat | kumen otə̑l |
| 3SG: | kumen | kumen ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | kumenna | kumen onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | kumenda | kumen odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | kumenə̑t | kumen ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumem ə̑l'e | om kumo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumet ə̑l'e | ot kumo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kuma ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš kumo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumena ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na kumo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumeda ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da kumo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumat ə̑l'e | ogə̑t kumo ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumem ulmaš | om kumo ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumet ulmaš | ot kumo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kuma ulmaš | ok/ogeš kumo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumena ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na kumo ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumeda ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da kumo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumat ulmaš | ogə̑t kumo ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumenam ə̑l'e | kumen omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumenat ə̑l'e | kumen otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumen ə̑l'e | kumen ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumenna ə̑l'e | kumen onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumenda ə̑l'e | kumen odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumen ə̑l'e | kumen ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumenam ulmaš | kumen omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | kumenat ulmaš | kumen otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumen ulmaš | kumen ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | kumenna ulmaš | kumen onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | kumenda ulmaš | kumen odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumen ulmaš | kumen ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumo | it kumo |
| 3SG: | kumə̑žo | ə̑nže kumo |
| 1PL: | (kumena) | (ona/ogə̑na kumo) |
| 2PL: | kumə̑za | ida kumo |
| 3PL: | kumə̑št | ə̑nə̑št kumo |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumə̑nem | ə̑nem kumo |
| 2SG: | kumə̑net | ə̑net kumo |
| 3SG: | kumə̑neže | ə̑než kumo |
| 1PL: | kumə̑nena | ə̑nena kumo |
| 2PL: | kumə̑neda | ə̑neda kumo |
| 3PL: | kumə̑nešt | ə̑nešt kumo |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | kumə̑nem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem kumo ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | kumə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑net kumo ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | kumə̑neže ə̑l'e | ə̑než kumo ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | kumə̑nena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena kumo ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | kumə̑neda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda kumo ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | kumə̑nešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt kumo ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | kumə̑net ulmaš | ə̑net kumo ulmaš |
| 3SG: | kumə̑neže ulmaš | ə̑než kumo ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | kumə̑neda ulmaš | ə̑neda kumo ulmaš |
| 3PL: | kumə̑nešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt kumo ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | kumaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | kumə̑man |
| Active participle: | kumə̑šo |
| Passive participle: | kumə̑mo |
| Future-necessitive participle: | kumə̑šaš |
| Negative participle: | kumə̑də̑mo |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | kumen |
| Negative gerund: | kumə̑de |
| Gerund of prior action: | kumə̑mek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | kumə̑meš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | kumə̑šə̑la |
| Nominalization: | kumə̑maš |
| Negative nominalization: | kumə̑də̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||